• 31Oct

    South Korea and Japan in the automotive battery market is fierce competition

    More recently, there is growing concern about world oil market. The international community has been working on efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, while almost all industries are focused on the development of second-generation mobile battery. 
      
    Equipped with mobile battery hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by 30% or more. The United States and Europe and other developed countries are trying to spread such a future-oriented vehicle. Built-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and electric vehicle (EV) will be the protagonist of the next generation of hybrid electric vehicles. In the social, economic and environmental aspects of the popularity of these two types of cars is far higher than the average effect of hybrid electric vehicles. So now these two types of vehicles in developed countries is growing at the center of research and development, hoping to achieve commercialization.

    Built-in hybrid electric vehicles: In the park, through the outlet can recharge the car 

    Japan’s Toyota and Honda dominate the hybrid electric vehicles and related technologies. The two companies in the world market share of over 85%. 

    In the hybrid electric vehicles use nickel-metal hydride battery is almost mostly manufactured by Japanese companies. The lithium batteries as a high-profile second-generation mobile batteries, and nickel-metal hydride battery unit volume and unit weight compared to the energy density and a higher output power density. However, due to security, and pricing issues, auto production has not yet to a large-scale use of lithium batteries.

    Toyota Motor Corp. and other Japanese companies announced that from 2008 will be equipped with hybrid electric vehicle batteries. However, due to security issues, lithium cell vehicle market will be delayed. The Hyundai Motor Company announced plans to begin mass production in 2009 will be equipped with lithium battery hybrid electric vehicles. From this, the world’s automotive industry has entered an era of competition lithium battery car. 

    As the car used in the development of mobile battery will take a very long event, so car manufacturers and battery of cooperation between enterprises is of paramount importance. Hyundai Motor and LG Chemical Co., Ltd. have jointly developed co-operation more than five years. In July this year, the upcoming Hyundai Elantra LPG hybrid electric vehicles. In addition, LG Chemical Company has become the U.S. General in the built-in hybrid electric vehicle batteries used in development cooperation partners, the two companies are to proceed with joint development. 

    Today’s world is the era of IT industry and automation, lightweight and easy to carry the commercialization of lithium batteries is in this context arise. In our daily lives as a common automation products such as mobile phones, laptops, PMP, MP3, the lithium battery as an energy source has been widely used. In Korea, LG Chemical and Samsung SDI’s large-scale production beginning in 2000 lithium batteries, with a full 10 years behind compared to Japan. In the original has been monopolized by Japanese companies lithium battery market, Korean companies by virtue of the unique design of lithium battery technology and manufacturing technology has won more competitive. According to projections, last year, South Korean companies in the global market share has reached 30%. 

    As a result, South Korea and Japan to compete in the technical aspects of the present white-hot. Japan from 1992 to 2001 decade, in the storage of electricity used in lithium batteries and small electric cars that use lithium-ion battery development has invested 166 billion yen. From 2002 to 2006, in fuel cell vehicles use lithium-battery development has also invested 53 billion yen.

    This year, the Japanese automakers, battery companies and other related areas of business development with the release of the second-generation mobile automotive battery development program. Since last year, 2011, will be the second-generation vehicle battery systems development, 110 billion yen in R & D goal is to develop a performance 50%, the price is only one-seventh of a new battery. 

    To Hyundai Motor Company and LG Chemical Company as the main force of the Korean companies from 2004 to five years, as a second-generation battery-powered industry, a growing part in the hybrid electric vehicle with a high output power lithium battery development has been invested ₩ 16,000,000,000 budget. In addition, the decision by the Department last year, South Korean knowledge-based economy in 5 years, the built-in hybrid electric vehicles to use the mobile battery and related systems development assistance for ₩ 40,000,000,000, and in 2013 began to mass production.

    At the same time, the current government will pro-environment, car industry, selected as the new pillar industries. Government’s objective is to automobile production in the future in the green area, one of the world’s four major powers. Mobile battery market competition depends on the parts and materials of the core technology development. Although you can use the materials have been commercialized production of hybrid electric vehicles, mobile batteries, but in the production of built-in hybrid electric vehicles and electric car, you must use a higher energy density, better security, new material. 

    Who can first address the issues of these second-generation production problems, anyone can compete in the world battery market opportunities among the occupation.

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  • 31Oct

    Chinese thin-film solar cells will be the “world factory”

    Oerlikon as the world’s first thin-film solar modules to provide Turn-Key services, manufacturers, its thin-film solar cell module using amorphous silicon technology solutions and microcrystalline silicon thin film technology stack, providing conductive glass (TOC) production, PECVD deposition , laser cutting and other critical thin-film cell manufacturing process steps. Oerlikon Solar business unit general manager of Technical Marketing, Sun Haiyan Asia that China has a relative abundance of raw materials (glass) market and talent pool, China’s thin-film solar cells will become the “world factory.” 
      
    SIChina: Do you think Chinese enterprises to enter the thin-film solar PV market, where the starting point? 

    Sun Haiyan: We first of all from the perspective of industry chain to talk about why to enter the thin-film solar cells: First, thin-film solar energy has a cost advantage; Second, the thermal expansion coefficient of less widely used. Again, China has to enter the thin-film solar industry advantage. Because the cost of thin-film solar cell structure, raw material of glass accounts for about 40%, while domestic glass production is the world’s largest, relatively low raw material prices. The same time, domestic enterprises with a rich talent pool, these people including those from the semiconductor, FPD and electronic industries. With the semiconductor and flat panel display industry, compared to thin-film solar cell equipment and funding requirements, relatively low technology threshold, if our goal is 0.7 U.S. dollars per watt, then certainly the middle of a dessert place, the key to see how you do.

    SIChina:: Can analysis

    Thin-film solar cell technology go? 

    Sun Haiyan: thin-film batteries already has 30 years of history, by the transformation efficiency of the restrictions, in the past did not form a large-scale production of thin-film batteries to open up the market. In the past two-junction amorphous silicon thin film solar cell conversion efficiency is only about 5%, plus packaging technology is also problematic, so the cost advantage of thin-film batteries can not be seen. The current industry began to enter the thin-film solar cell mass production phase. Oerlikon now in full swing in 2002 into microcrystalline amorphous plus project, using this technique, after the initial decay after the conversion efficiency is expected to reach 10% or more, at present, we can ensure that clients achieve the 9.3% conversion efficiency. Through the device upgrade process from the amorphous process can be upgraded to increase microcrystalline amorphous process. Thin-film solar cells bottleneck lies in the future: First, how to improve the conversion efficiency; the second is how to improve its manufacturing efficiency, Oerlikon their clients to jointly build a database, for the equipment, the company is concerned, lower TackTime time is very important, that is, reduced production per unit module’s time; The third is to form a scale effect, through the overall control to achieve cost-effectiveness. 

    SIChina:: As the world’s first thin-film solar modules to provide Turn-Key services, manufacturers, do you think of this Turn-Key model of thin-film batteries will give the domestic development of the industry What are the effects? As the manufacturer of the technology mainly depends on the equipment suppliers, will result in customer products have no difference? 

    Hai-Yan Sun: At present, thin-film solar cells rely mainly on process equipment suppliers. The Oerlikon development process through the laboratory, pilot line and then to mass production, we recommend that large customers to buy product also bought the entire line of 1:1 in the test line. 1; 1 pilot online customers increased efficiency in the conversion there is still a lot of space. Can be 1; a pilot test of the success of the process menu transplanted directly into the production line. Thin-film battery has just started a large-scale industrialization, and now has not got to take into account when the product differentiation, each solution has the market for Oerlickon, we are pursuing is not a big size, and the first production line maturity. An important sign is the international certification by TUV and so on. Oerlikon amorphous silicon modules in 2006, has been TUV certified, and more recently the production process through the use of their own TCO module TUV certification, this could make the products to customers quickly enter the market. In addition, the high conversion efficiency is our goal to pursue. The maturity of the existing platform can be upgraded to increase the conversion efficiency of the battery. Process from the amorphous to microcrystalline amorphous plus technology in the future may be added between an amorphous and microcrystalline intermediate layer to increase the degree of light absorption to improve transformation efficiency, the production line can be constantly upgraded with the upgrade process, only have equipment can be subsequently upgraded, so the production line efficiency, reduce the cost. 

    SIChina: Do you think thin-film solar cells with silicon-based solar cells to rival the advent of an era when?

    Sun Haiyan: We estimate the global solar PV market will grow from 2000 to 1 billion U.S. dollars by 2015 expanded to 150 billion U.S. dollars, while the thin-film market share may be increased from 2% to 52%, surpassing crystalline silicon solar cells, become the mainstream. 

    Dr. Sun Haiyan Biography:

    The Swiss Federal Institute of Technology University of Zurich and Basel, Switzerland, Dr of Economics and Management Master of Business School;

    Oerlikon Solar business unit general manager of Asian marketing, Oerlikon Solar Asia Business Development Manager, Flat Panel Display Business Unit Oerlikon Taiwan and China Account Manager, General Manager and other staff;

    Global Semiconductor Industry Association China Photovoltaic Solar Energy Committee, Vice-Chairman, Shanghai, China New Energy Industry Association and China LCD Association;

    2008 South Korea DisplayBank solar forum speakers, 2008 China’s first four sessions of the General Assembly of silicon photovoltaic materials and speakers, 2008 Singapore and the semiconductor and the 2008 Summit Forum of China’s semiconductor thin-film solar speakers and presenters, 2008 EU-China Forum on thin-film solar branch of the host 2008 Shenzhen PhotonAcademy conference speaker; 2007 Shanghai, China, and Taiwan Semiconductor Solar Energy Forum in Taipei, Shanghai, Beijing Sino-German Solar Energy Forum and the World Solar Energy Conference Speakers; 2006 Beijing Great Wall Renewable Energy Conference speakers and so on.

  • 29Oct

    Moderate thin-film battery industry to accelerate the pace of development in China

    Thin-film solar cell production line in 2008 the increase in solar cell industry, a notable feature. Although the thin-film solar cells have already appeared, but because of photoelectric conversion efficiency is low, the attenuation rate (light-induced decline rate) high and so on, in previous years did not attract enough attention to the industry, market share is very low. With the continuous advancement of technology, photoelectric conversion efficiency is rapidly increasing, now more than two years ago was improved by approximately 30% -40%, although the crystal is still a big gap compared to silicon cells, but less use of materials, process simple, low energy consumption, the cost has certain advantages and is increasingly being accepted by the industry. So the past three years, thin-film solar cell industry have developed rapidly in 2007, the market share of thin-film solar cells of 8% growth from the previous year to 12%, while the 2008 is said to have reached 15% -20%. Experts predict that thin-film solar cell market share in the future there will be large-scale promotion, it will be possible with crystalline silicon cells will compete. NanoMarkets Forecast: thin-film solar cells generating capacity by 2015 will reach 26GW, sales of more than 20 billion U.S. dollars, solar cells generate electricity for more than half will come from the thin-film solar cells. 

    The shortage of silicon thin-film solar cells boost the development of one of the main driving force, is well known that in the first half of 2008 had a serious shortage of silicon feedstock to manufacturers of crystalline silicon cells are without rice or embarrassing situations. The thin-film solar cells is to use the basic technology PECVD (plasma chemical weather deposition) technology, amorphous silicon or microcrystalline silicon thin film deposition, the substrate is inexpensive glass or stainless steel materials, the current material advantage. In addition, the more attractive reasons for concern to the industry or the cost of power generation thin-film solar cells is relatively low, due to crystalline silicon solar cell industry chain, each link complex process, and greater energy consumption, although its photoelectric conversion efficiency is higher but the In general, the high cost of power generation or so, so this as a constraint to solar power grid, one of the main barrier. The thin-film solar cells simple process, lower production costs, is considered the most likely to achieve cost of electricity tariffs closer to the Internet technology.

    China, as major producers of solar cells, one of thin-film solar cell manufacturers have begun to rapidly increase in recent years, the original only in Harbin Crolla, Shenzhen Yu-Kang 1MW single-junction a-Si cell production line, after the increase in Fujian Jun Shi energy, Tianjin can be Bengbu Pollock and other thin-film battery of more than 20 manufacturers, size from a few megawatts to tens of megawatts, the product sizes up to several square meters square meters, and increases and a-Si/a- Si laminated batteries, stable effective rate of 5% -6%, and enter the power-based application stage, there are a number of enterprises plan to scale up to hundreds of megawatts. Originally involved in the production of crystalline silicon solar cell manufacturers have also started to increase thin film product line, such as representatives of the industry companies involved in silicon-based Suntech, have begun to thin-film solar cell production.

    With the continuous development of technology, thin-film photovoltaic conversion efficiency of solar cells are also rising, and some technology has now reached 10%, and the crystalline silicon photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery getting closer and closer, and the other key areas — - decay rate also improved, new technology makes use of thin-film solar cells significantly longer useful life.

    Despite these technical advances in thin-film solar cells illuminated the development prospects of industrial development, but there are still two practical problems, one is the high cost of production equipment, such as the 25MW amorphous silicon thin-film battery production line, sold at 300 million yuan ~ 400 million between RMB, while the 25MW crystalline silicon solar cell production line equipment costs only 40 million yuan to 5,000 yuan, the high cost of the equipment increases the risk of corporate profits. Another is the rapid advancement of thin-film technology, the upgrading of production equipment very quickly, the battery manufacturers difficult to adapt to changing technology and markets. So want to enter the ranks of thin-film solar cell manufacturers, enterprises must take into account these issues. 

    From the perspective of industry chain, China’s thin-film solar cell industry is not perfect. Although the thin-film solar cells have been a lot of bullish domestic enterprises to solve the problem of insufficient raw materials, but the domestic production line equipment manufacturing technology at present backward, almost all of the necessary reliance on imported production lines, equipment, high prices and profits were by and large upstream firm eating.

    Is technically the domestic film industry is just getting started, faced with staff shortages and technical problems weak. Therefore, the thin-film solar cell business to be introduced with the relevant training in talent from top to bottom great efforts. 

    From the current point of view, a moderate development of thin-film solar cell industry is conducive to the development of domestic solar energy industry as a whole, we should be concerned about the progress of the various solar technologies to form a crystalline silicon thin-film batteries with a wide range of patterns is necessary, just not enough to crystalline silicon solar cells respond to complex market demands. From the market, customers are increasingly concerned about the cost of the product, crystalline silicon manufacturers profit space will become smaller and smaller. And thin-film solar cell industry pollution is relatively small, is conducive to environmental protection, in some applications, such as building-integrated photovoltaic, large-scale low-cost power plants, solar lighting, etc. have certain advantages.

    Thin-film solar cell production lines to increase domestic solar energy industry make up for deficiencies in a timely manner to meet some of the market demand, but over-exaggerated the prospects for their investment would be unwise, and should regulate the development of the industry to avoid like the silicon solar cell industry, the phenomenon of blind investment .

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